方法对比

	定量主导的多阶段混合方法设计	多层次混合方法设计
领域	研究设计	研究设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2000s–2010s	Late 1990s–2000s
提出者	Creswell & Plano Clark (multiphase framework); Tashakkori & Teddlie (priority notation)	Bonnie Nastasi, John Hitchcock, and collaborators; systematized by Creswell & Plano Clark
类型	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
开创性文献	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage.	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1483357829
别名	QUAN-dominant multiphase MMR, quantitatively driven multiphase design, multiphase mixed methods with quantitative priority, QUAN-priority multiphase design	multilevel MMR, nested mixed methods, hierarchical mixed methods design, cross-level mixed methods
相关	6	5
摘要	A quantitative-dominant multiphase mixed methods design conducts a series of distinct research phases — at least two, often three or more — in which quantitative data and analyses bear the primary weight of answering the research questions, while qualitative components serve a supporting or explanatory role. Phases are linked by explicit integration points where findings from one phase inform the design or interpretation of the next.	Multilevel mixed methods design is a research approach that collects and integrates both quantitative and qualitative data at two or more distinct levels of a social or organizational hierarchy — for example, individuals nested within classrooms, classrooms within schools, or patients within healthcare teams. By pairing quantitative measurement of outcomes at one level with qualitative exploration of meaning at another, researchers gain a richer, more complete picture than either strand alone could provide.