方法对比

	定量主导的解释性顺序混合方法设计	多层次混合方法设计
领域	研究设计	研究设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2007 (first edition of Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research)	Late 1990s–2000s
提出者	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark	Bonnie Nastasi, John Hitchcock, and collaborators; systematized by Creswell & Plano Clark
类型	Mixed methods research design variant	Mixed methods research design
开创性文献	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1483357829
别名	QUAN-dominant explanatory sequential design, quan-priority explanatory sequential MMR, quantitative-dominant QUAN→qual design, weighted explanatory sequential mixed methods	multilevel MMR, nested mixed methods, hierarchical mixed methods design, cross-level mixed methods
相关	5	5
摘要	The quantitative-dominant explanatory sequential mixed methods design is a two-phase mixed methods approach in which a larger, primary quantitative study is conducted first, followed by a smaller, secondary qualitative phase that explains, elaborates, or contextualises the quantitative results. Quantitative evidence carries the greater weight in answering the research questions, while qualitative data provide interpretive depth for puzzling or unexpected statistical findings.	Multilevel mixed methods design is a research approach that collects and integrates both quantitative and qualitative data at two or more distinct levels of a social or organizational hierarchy — for example, individuals nested within classrooms, classrooms within schools, or patients within healthcare teams. By pairing quantitative measurement of outcomes at one level with qualitative exploration of meaning at another, researchers gain a richer, more complete picture than either strand alone could provide.