方法对比

	定性主导的解释性序贯混合方法	多层次混合方法设计
领域	研究设计	研究设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2000s (formalized in Creswell & Plano Clark 2007, 2011, 2018)	Late 1990s–2000s
提出者	Creswell & Plano Clark (explanatory sequential base); Morse (priority notation)	Bonnie Nastasi, John Hitchcock, and collaborators; systematized by Creswell & Plano Clark
类型	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
开创性文献	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1483357829
别名	QUAL-dominant explanatory sequential design, qual-priority explanatory sequential MMR, qualitative-weighted explanatory sequential design	multilevel MMR, nested mixed methods, hierarchical mixed methods design, cross-level mixed methods
相关	6	5
摘要	The qualitative-dominant explanatory sequential mixed methods design follows a two-phase sequential structure — quantitative data collected first, qualitative data collected second — while assigning dominant analytical weight to the qualitative strand. The quantitative phase surfaces statistical patterns that require deeper explanation; the qualitative phase, which carries greater interpretive authority in this variant, provides the rich contextual understanding that the numbers alone cannot supply.	Multilevel mixed methods design is a research approach that collects and integrates both quantitative and qualitative data at two or more distinct levels of a social or organizational hierarchy — for example, individuals nested within classrooms, classrooms within schools, or patients within healthcare teams. By pairing quantitative measurement of outcomes at one level with qualitative exploration of meaning at another, researchers gain a richer, more complete picture than either strand alone could provide.