方法对比

	基于协议的元民族志	系统性文献综述
领域	科学计量学	科学计量学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1988 (meta-ethnography); protocol-based practice formalised 2010s	1993 (Cochrane Collaboration); 2004 (Kitchenham SLR guidelines)
提出者	Noblit & Hare (meta-ethnography); protocol registration formalised through PROSPERO and eMERGe guidance	Archie Cochrane (conceptual foundation); formalized by the Cochrane Collaboration (1993) and Barbara Kitchenham in software engineering (2004)
类型	Qualitative evidence synthesis with pre-registered protocol	Evidence synthesis methodology
开创性文献	Noblit, G. W., & Hare, R. D. (1988). Meta-Ethnography: Synthesizing Qualitative Studies. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803930742	Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for Performing Systematic Reviews. Keele University Technical Report TR/SE-0401.
别名	pre-registered meta-ethnography, prospero meta-ethnography, registered qualitative synthesis, protocol-driven meta-ethnography	SLR, systematic review, evidence synthesis review, structured literature review
相关	5	5
摘要	Protocol-based meta-ethnography is a structured qualitative evidence synthesis that follows Noblit and Hare's meta-ethnography method while requiring a pre-registered, publicly available protocol — typically on PROSPERO — before the review is conducted. Pre-registration constrains post-hoc decision-making, enhances methodological transparency, and aligns qualitative synthesis with the rigour standards now expected by leading journals and funders.	A systematic literature review (SLR) is a structured, reproducible method for identifying, appraising, and synthesizing all relevant studies on a research question. Unlike a narrative review, it follows an explicit, pre-specified protocol — from database search strings through inclusion criteria to data extraction — so that the process is transparent, auditable, and replicable by other researchers. It is widely used in medicine, education, software engineering, and the social sciences to produce the most comprehensive possible evidence base on a topic.