方法对比
并排查看您选择的方法；存在差异的行会高亮显示。
| 比例分层抽样× | 不等比例分层抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1953–1965 (formalized in survey sampling literature) | 1934 |
| 提出者≠ | William G. Cochran; Leslie Kish | Jerzy Neyman |
| 类型 | Probability sampling design | Probability sampling design |
| 开创性文献 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 |
| 别名 | proportionate stratified sampling, proportional allocation stratified sampling, PSRS, proportionate stratified random sampling | disproportionate stratified sampling, unequal-probability stratified sampling, oversampling stratified design, non-proportional stratified sampling |
| 相关 | 6 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | Proportional stratified sampling divides the target population into non-overlapping strata (subgroups defined by a key characteristic such as age band, region, or gender) and then draws a simple random sample from each stratum so that each stratum's share of the total sample matches its share of the total population. Because each subgroup is represented in exact proportion to its population weight, the resulting sample mirrors the population structure closely without requiring post-hoc weighting adjustments. | Disproportional stratified sampling divides the population into mutually exclusive strata and deliberately draws different proportions from each stratum — oversampling small or analytically important subgroups and undersampling large ones. Post-hoc weighting restores population-level representativeness when overall estimates are needed. First formalised by Jerzy Neyman in 1934, it is the standard approach when subgroup-level precision matters as much as total-population estimates. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
|
|