方法对比
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| 比例简单随机抽样× | 简单随机抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Mid-20th century (formalized ~1950s–1970s) | Early 20th century; systematized by Cochran 1953/1977 |
| 提出者≠ | William G. Cochran and survey statisticians (classical probability sampling tradition) | William Gosset, Jerzy Neyman, and formalized by William Cochran |
| 类型≠ | Probability sampling technique | Probability sampling design |
| 开创性文献 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 |
| 别名≠ | proportional SRS, probability-proportional simple random sampling, proportional random sampling | SRS, unrestricted random sampling, equal-probability sampling, EPSEM |
| 相关 | 6 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | Proportional simple random sampling is a probability-based sampling technique in which units are drawn at random from each subgroup of the population in numbers proportional to each subgroup's share of the total population. This ensures the resulting sample mirrors the population's composition across key subgroups, while retaining the randomness and unbiasedness of simple random sampling within each group. | Simple random sampling (SRS) is the foundational probability sampling method in which every unit in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Because selection is governed purely by chance, SRS eliminates systematic bias, supports unbiased estimation of population parameters, and provides the statistical baseline against which all more complex probability designs are evaluated. |
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