方法对比

	比例便利抽样	简单随机抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Mid-20th century onward	Early 20th century; systematized by Cochran 1953/1977
提出者	Developed within mainstream sampling methodology; no single originator	William Gosset, Jerzy Neyman, and formalized by William Cochran
类型	Non-probability sampling with proportional allocation constraint	Probability sampling design
开创性文献	Etikan, I., & Bala, K. (2017). Sampling and sampling methods. Biometrics & Biostatistics International Journal, 5(6), 215–217.	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
别名	quota-constrained convenience sampling, representative convenience sampling, proportionate accidental sampling, PCS	SRS, unrestricted random sampling, equal-probability sampling, EPSEM
相关	4	6
摘要	Proportional convenience sampling is a non-probability technique that recruits participants through convenience while constraining each subgroup's share in the final sample to match its known proportion in the target population. It trades pure random selection for feasibility, but partially compensates by ensuring the sample's compositional profile mirrors the population on one or more key variables such as gender, age group, or academic year.	Simple random sampling (SRS) is the foundational probability sampling method in which every unit in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Because selection is governed purely by chance, SRS eliminates systematic bias, supports unbiased estimation of population parameters, and provides the statistical baseline against which all more complex probability designs are evaluated.