方法对比

	实用多基线设计	多基线设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1968 (original MBD); pragmatic adaptation formalized in 2000s–2010s	1968
提出者	Adapted from Baer, Wolf & Risley (1968); pragmatic variant developed within single-case methodology community	Donald M. Baer, Montrose M. Wolf, Todd R. Risley
类型	Single-case experimental design variant	Single-subject experimental design
开创性文献	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.
别名	PMBD, pragmatic MBD, real-world multiple baseline design, flexible multiple baseline design	MBD, multiple-baseline single-case design, staggered baseline design, multiple-probe design
相关	3	4
摘要	The Pragmatic Multiple Baseline Design is a single-case experimental design that staggers intervention introduction across multiple participants, settings, or behaviors in real-world conditions where strict experimental control is impractical. By relaxing some idealized constraints — such as perfectly stable baselines or rigid staggering timelines — it preserves the core logic of the multiple baseline while accommodating clinical, educational, or community realities. It is especially valued when withholding treatment for ethical reasons is untenable and when practitioners need evidence from naturalistic settings.	The multiple baseline design is a single-subject experimental design that demonstrates functional control by introducing an intervention at staggered time points across two or more baselines — typically across different behaviors, individuals, or settings. Because no withdrawal of treatment is required, it is especially suitable when the target behavior is irreversible or when removing an effective intervention would be unethical.