方法对比

	Pragmatic ABA Design	单被试实验设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1968 (ABA base); pragmatic adaptation in applied behavioral research from 1970s onward	1960s (Sidman 1960; formal applied codification by Kazdin and Baer in 1970s–1980s)
提出者	ABA reversal design: Baer, Wolf & Risley (1968); pragmatic orientation: Schwartz & Lellouch (1967)	Murray Sidman (foundational tactics); B. F. Skinner (applied behavior analysis lineage)
类型	Single-subject experimental design with pragmatic orientation	Experimental research design
开创性文献	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.	Kazdin, A. E. (1982). Single-Case Research Designs: Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195030440
别名	pragmatic reversal design, naturalistic ABA design, real-world ABA reversal design, pragmatic withdrawal design	SSED, single-case experimental design, n-of-1 design, intrasubject replication design
相关	6	6
摘要	The Pragmatic ABA Design is a single-subject reversal experiment conducted under real-world, naturalistic conditions rather than tightly controlled laboratory settings. It follows the classic baseline (A1) — intervention (B) — withdrawal/return-to-baseline (A2) sequence while deliberately relaxing control conditions to reflect authentic practice environments. This approach prioritizes external validity and clinical utility, making findings directly applicable to schools, clinics, and community settings.	Single-subject experimental design (SSED) establishes experimental control by repeatedly measuring one individual (or a small number of individuals) across baseline and intervention phases, using the participant as their own control. Instead of comparing groups, it compares the participant's own behavior across conditions over time. Widely used in applied behavior analysis, special education, rehabilitation, and clinical psychology, SSED allows causal inference from small or unique samples where group designs are impractical.