方法对比

	Post-Materialism Index	Schwartz Value Survey
领域	政治心理学	政治心理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1971	1992
提出者	Ronald Inglehart	Shalom H. Schwartz
类型	Ranked-priorities value index	Self-report values survey
开创性文献	Inglehart, R. (1971). The silent revolution in Europe: Intergenerational change in post-industrial societies. American Political Science Review, 65(4), 991-1017.	Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65.
别名	Inglehart Index, Materialist-Postmaterialist Index, Four-Item Values Index	SVS, Schwartz Theory of Basic Values, Portrait Values Questionnaire
相关	4	4
摘要	The Post-Materialism Index, developed by Ronald Inglehart (1971), classifies individuals as materialist, postmaterialist, or mixed based on the priority they assign to physical and economic security versus self-expression, belonging, and quality of life. It operationalizes Inglehart's silent-revolution thesis that prosperity and security in postwar democracies caused an intergenerational shift from materialist to postmaterialist value priorities.	The Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) operationalizes Schwartz's (1992) theory of basic human values, which identifies ten (later refined to nineteen) motivationally distinct values organized in a circular structure along two axes: openness to change versus conservation, and self-enhancement versus self-transcendence. It is the most widely used cross-cultural values instrument and underlies much research on the value basis of political ideology.