方法对比
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| 政策评估匹配估计量× | 倾向得分匹配× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 因果推断 | 研究统计学 |
| 方法族≠ | Regression model | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1998-2006 | 1983 |
| 提出者≠ | Heckman, Ichimura & Todd; Abadie & Imbens | Paul Rosenbaum and Donald Rubin |
| 类型≠ | Non-parametric causal estimator | Method |
| 开创性文献≠ | Abadie, A., & Imbens, G. W. (2006). Large sample properties of matching estimators for average treatment effects. Econometrica, 74(1), 235-267. DOI ↗ | Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41–55. DOI ↗ |
| 别名≠ | matching estimator, program evaluation matching, treatment effect matching, Abadie-Imbens estimator | PSM, propensity score weighting, covariate balance |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | The policy evaluation matching estimator estimates the causal effect of a program or policy on treated units by pairing each participant with one or more non-participants who share similar pre-treatment characteristics. Developed rigorously by Heckman, Ichimura & Todd (1998) and Abadie & Imbens (2006), it avoids parametric outcome models and is the standard non-parametric tool for program and policy evaluation. | Propensity score matching (PSM) is a method for reducing confounding bias in observational studies by balancing baseline characteristics between treatment groups, simulating randomization. Developed by Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983), it estimates the probability of receiving treatment given observed covariates, then matches or weights treated and control individuals with similar treatment probabilities. Widely used in medicine, epidemiology, and policy evaluation when randomized trials are infeasible or unethical, enabling estimation of treatment effects while controlling for selection bias. |
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