方法对比

	点双列相关	Pearson积矩相关系数
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1954	1895
提出者	Robert F. Tate	Karl Pearson
类型	Parametric correlation coefficient	Parametric correlation
开创性文献	Tate, R. F. (1954). Correlation between a discrete and a continuous variable. Point-biserial correlation. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 25(3), 603–607.	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
别名	rpb, r_pb, point biserial r, item-total correlation	pearson r, product-moment correlation, bivariate correlation, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi
相关	4	4
摘要	The point-biserial correlation coefficient (r_pb) measures the strength and direction of the linear association between one naturally dichotomous variable (coded 0/1) and one continuous variable. It is a special case of the Pearson product-moment correlation formally derived by Tate (1954) in the Annals of Mathematical Statistics and is the standard index used in psychometric item analysis, validity studies, and any research context where a binary grouping variable is related to a continuous outcome.	The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (r) is a parametric measure of the direction and strength of the linear association between two continuous variables. Introduced by Karl Pearson in 1895, it remains the most widely used bivariate correlation statistic in the social, health, and natural sciences. The coefficient ranges from −1 (perfect negative linear relationship) to +1 (perfect positive), with 0 indicating no linear association.