方法对比

	偏最小二乘结构方程模型	Wordscores
领域	心理测量学	心理测量学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	1985	2003
提出者	Herman Wold	Michael Laver, Kenneth Benoit, John Garry
类型	Component-based structural equation model	Text analysis and dimension reduction
开创性文献	Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 9781483377445	Laver, M., Benoit, K., & Garry, J. (2003). Extracting policy positions from political texts using words as data. American Political Science Review, 97(2), 311-331.
别名	PLS-SEM, PLS path modeling	—
相关	5	5
摘要	PLS-SEM is a variance-based approach to structural equation modeling developed by Herman Wold (1985) that estimates latent variable models by maximizing the variance explained in dependent variables. Unlike covariance-based SEM, PLS-SEM is particularly useful for exploratory research, small to medium samples, complex models with many constructs, and non-normal data.	Wordscores is a text-based scaling method developed by Laver, Benoit, and Garry (2003) that estimates the policy positions of political actors based on word frequencies in their texts. By comparing word usage in reference texts of known positions with test texts, the method infers the latent political dimension of any document without requiring manual coding or training data.