方法对比

	试点理论抽样	扎根理论	目的性抽样
领域	调查方法论	质性研究	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1967 (theoretical sampling origin); compound practice formalized in qualitative methodology literature	1967	Formalized ~1980–1990
提出者	Glaser & Strauss (theoretical sampling); pilot study concept is longstanding in research methodology	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss	Michael Quinn Patton (systematic articulation); roots in early qualitative inquiry
类型	Qualitative sampling strategy with pilot phase	Method	Non-probability sampling strategy
开创性文献	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Aldine. ISBN: 978-0202302607	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.	Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0803937796
别名	pilot-phase theoretical sampling, exploratory theoretical sampling, preliminary theoretical sampling	GT, Grounded Theory Approach	judgmental sampling, selective sampling, criterion-based sampling, purposeful sampling
相关	3	3	4
摘要	Pilot theoretical sampling applies the logic of theoretical sampling — selecting participants based on emerging concepts and theory — within a deliberate pilot or preliminary phase of a study. Rather than committing immediately to a full sampling strategy, the researcher conducts a small initial round of data collection and analysis to test whether theoretical sampling is feasible, to refine the sensitizing concepts guiding participant selection, and to identify whether the field is productive before full-scale data collection begins.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.	Purposive sampling is a non-probability strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects participants, documents, or cases that are information-rich with respect to the research question. Rather than drawing units at random, the researcher applies explicit criteria aligned with the study's purpose, maximising the depth and relevance of the data collected. It is the default sampling logic in most qualitative research designs and is also used in mixed-methods and applied evaluative work.