方法对比

	试点析因实验	试点随机对照试验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1950s–1960s (fractional factorial foundation); pilot study integration formalized in 20th century DOE practice	1990s–2000s (methodological formalization)
提出者	Box, Hunter & Hunter (fractional factorial); pilot study concept developed broadly in industrial and clinical experimentation	Formalized through clinical trials methodology community
类型	Experimental screening design (pilot phase)	Experimental feasibility design
开创性文献	Montgomery, D. C. (2017). Design and Analysis of Experiments (9th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1119492443	Thabane, L., Ma, J., Chu, R., Cheng, J., Ismaila, A., Rios, L. P., ... & Goldsmith, C. H. (2010). A tutorial on pilot studies: the what, why and how. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 10(1), 1.
别名	pilot FFE, screening pilot design, pilot fractional factorial, pilot FF screening study	pilot RCT, feasibility RCT, pilot trial, preliminary RCT
相关	5	5
摘要	A pilot fractional factorial experiment is a small-scale preliminary study that uses a fractional factorial design — testing only a subset of all possible factor combinations — to screen multiple factors simultaneously before committing to a full-scale investigation. It provides early estimates of effect sizes, variance, and feasibility at substantially reduced cost and participant burden compared to a full factorial pilot or a full-scale trial.	A pilot randomized controlled trial (pilot RCT) is a small-scale, fully randomized experiment conducted before a definitive RCT to test the feasibility of study procedures, estimate key parameters such as recruitment rates and effect-size variability, and identify practical barriers. It uses the same randomization, intervention, and measurement protocol as the planned full trial but on a fraction of the target sample. The goal is not to confirm efficacy but to refine and justify the main trial design.