方法对比
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| 现场试验× | 簇随机试验× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 实验设计 | 临床研究 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Mid-20th century (systematised 1960s–1990s) | 1999-2000 |
| 提出者≠ | Rooted in Campbell & Stanley (1966) experimental design tradition; formalised in clinical and social research through the 20th century | Campbell, Grimshaw, Elbourne et al. |
| 类型≠ | Experimental design | Research Design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1966). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. Rand McNally. ISBN: 978-0395307878 | Campbell, M. K., Grimshaw, J. M., & Elbourne, D. R. (2000). Intracluster correlation coefficients in cluster randomized trials: empirical insights into how should they be reported. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 4, 30. link ↗ |
| 别名 | pilot field trial, small-scale field experiment, feasibility field experiment, exploratory field experiment | CRT, cluster RCT, cluster trial, group randomization |
| 相关 | 3 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | A pilot field experiment is a small-scale, preliminary version of a planned full field experiment conducted in a naturalistic setting. It tests whether the intervention, randomisation procedure, measurement instruments, and logistical protocols are feasible before committing to a full-scale study. Results inform sample size calculations, refine treatment protocols, and identify procedural risks — saving resources and improving the quality of the definitive study. | A cluster randomized trial (CRT) randomizes intact groups—schools, clinics, villages, or hospital wards—rather than individuals. Developed by Campbell, Grimshaw, and colleagues in the late 1990s to address real-world settings where intervention delivery or contamination occurs at the group level, CRTs are now standard for evaluating population-level, community-based, and policy interventions. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
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