方法对比

	试点ABA设计	试点随机对照试验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1960s (ABA design); pilot adaptation in clinical and behavioral research from 1980s onward	1990s–2000s (methodological formalization)
提出者	Murray Sidman (ABA reversal logic); pilot study methodology broadly attributed to clinical trial traditions	Formalized through clinical trials methodology community
类型	Single-subject experimental pilot design	Experimental feasibility design
开创性文献	Sidman, M. (1960). Tactics of Scientific Research: Evaluating Experimental Data in Psychology. Basic Books.	Thabane, L., Ma, J., Chu, R., Cheng, J., Ismaila, A., Rios, L. P., ... & Goldsmith, C. H. (2010). A tutorial on pilot studies: the what, why and how. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 10(1), 1.
别名	Pilot ABA reversal design, Pilot withdrawal design, Pilot single-subject reversal design, Feasibility ABA design	pilot RCT, feasibility RCT, pilot trial, preliminary RCT
相关	6	5
摘要	The Pilot ABA Design is a small-scale single-subject experiment that applies the ABA reversal structure — baseline, intervention, withdrawal — to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect of an intervention before committing to a full-scale study. It provides early evidence of whether the treatment produces a detectable change and whether the reversal is ethically and practically achievable.	A pilot randomized controlled trial (pilot RCT) is a small-scale, fully randomized experiment conducted before a definitive RCT to test the feasibility of study procedures, estimate key parameters such as recruitment rates and effect-size variability, and identify practical barriers. It uses the same randomization, intervention, and measurement protocol as the planned full trial but on a fraction of the target sample. The goal is not to confirm efficacy but to refine and justify the main trial design.