方法对比

	试点 A/B 测试	阶乘 A/B 测试
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2000s–2010s (formalized in digital experimentation literature)	Factorial design: 1920s–1930s; applied online as factorial A/B test: 2000s–2010s
提出者	Derived from pilot study methodology (Kraemer et al., 2006) applied to A/B testing practice	Ronald A. Fisher (factorial design); digital A/B testing popularized by Google, Microsoft, and Amazon in the 2000s
类型	Experimental design — feasibility study	Controlled online/field experiment
开创性文献	Thabane, L., Ma, J., Chu, R., Cheng, J., Ismaila, A., Rios, L. P., Robson, R., Thabane, M., Giangregorio, L., & Goldsmith, C. H. (2010). A tutorial on pilot studies: The what, why and how. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 10(1), 1.	Kohavi, R., Tang, D., & Xu, Y. (2020). Trustworthy Online Controlled Experiments: A Practical Guide to A/B Testing. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-1108724265
别名	pilot split test, feasibility A/B test, preliminary A/B experiment, pilot randomized comparison	factorial split test, multi-factor A/B test, factorial online experiment, factorial controlled experiment
相关	5	6
摘要	A Pilot A/B test is a small-scale, preliminary split-test experiment run before a full A/B test to assess feasibility, estimate effect sizes, detect operational problems, and validate measurement instruments. Participants are randomly assigned to a control condition (A) and a treatment condition (B), but the study is explicitly underpowered — its purpose is to inform the design of the definitive test, not to yield a conclusive comparison.	A factorial A/B test is a controlled online experiment that simultaneously manipulates two or more independent factors, each at two or more levels, exposing different user groups to every combination of factor levels. Rooted in Fisher's factorial design and operationalised at scale by tech companies, it enables researchers to estimate both the independent main effect of each factor and the interaction effects between factors — all from a single experimental run.