方法对比

	Person-Organization Fit	组织承诺量表
领域	组织行为学	组织行为学
方法族	Latent structure	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1996	1991
提出者	Amy L. Kristof; Amy Kristof-Brown, Ryan Zimmerman & Erin Johnson	John P. Meyer and Natalie J. Allen
类型	Value-congruence measurement and fit model	Self-report questionnaire
开创性文献	Kristof, A. L. (1996). Person-organization fit: An integrative review of its conceptualizations, measurement, and implications. Personnel Psychology, 49(1), 1-49.	Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.
别名	P-O Fit, PO Fit, Value Congruence, Person-Environment Fit	OCS, Meyer & Allen Scale
相关	3	5
摘要	Person-organization (P-O) fit is the organizational-behavior construct describing the compatibility between an individual and the organization they work for, most often operationalized as the congruence between personal and organizational values. Amy Kristof's 1996 integrative review consolidated a scattered literature into a coherent framework, distinguishing supplementary fit (sharing the same characteristics) from complementary fit (each party supplying what the other needs) and separating perceived from actual congruence. Cable and Judge's 1996 work showed that value congruence shapes job-choice decisions and organizational entry, and that subjective fit perceptions predict attitudes above objective profile similarity. Kristof-Brown, Zimmerman, and Johnson's 2005 meta-analysis quantified the consequences across fit types, finding P-O fit a strong correlate of satisfaction, commitment, and intent to stay. Together these works made fit a measurable, predictive construct rather than a loose metaphor. P-O fit now anchors research on recruitment, socialization, and turnover.	The Organizational Commitment Scale (OCS), developed by Meyer and Allen in 1991, measures three distinct dimensions of organizational commitment: affective commitment (emotional attachment), continuance commitment (perceived cost of leaving), and normative commitment (sense of obligation). This three-component model has become foundational in understanding employee retention, engagement, and organizational attachment.