方法对比

	参与式民族志	行动研究	案例研究
领域	质性	质性研究	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (collaborative turn); classical roots early 20th century	1946	1984 (seminal codification)
提出者	Rooted in classical ethnography (Malinowski, Boas); collaborative turn formalised by Luke Eric Lassiter and others in the 1990s–2000s	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)
类型	Qualitative research design	Method	Qualitative research design
开创性文献	Lassiter, L. E. (2005). The Chicago Guide to Collaborative Ethnography. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226469058	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169
别名	collaborative ethnography, participatory fieldwork, engaged ethnography, community-based ethnography	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology
相关	5	1	5
摘要	Participatory ethnography is a qualitative research design in which community members are not merely subjects of study but active collaborators throughout the research process — from problem formulation and data collection to analysis and writing. Building on classical ethnographic fieldwork, it shifts the researcher–participant relationship toward genuine partnership, producing knowledge that is accountable to the communities from which it emerges.	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.