方法对比
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| 基于面板的描述性研究× | 纵向研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 研究设计 | 研究设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1940s–1960s | Late 19th–early 20th century; methodologically codified through the 20th century |
| 提出者≠ | Developed within survey methodology and social science panel traditions (Lazarsfeld, Kish, and others) | No single originator; foundational methodological treatments by Stuart Menard and Judith Singer & John Willett |
| 类型≠ | Quantitative observational research design | Quantitative (or mixed) observational research design |
| 开创性文献 | Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922827 | Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922841 |
| 别名 | descriptive panel study, panel survey descriptive design, repeated cross-sectional descriptive panel, panel descriptive research | longitudinal study, longitudinal design, prospective longitudinal study, repeated-measures observational study |
| 相关 | 4 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Panel-based descriptive research follows the same set of individuals, households, or organizations across multiple time points and uses that repeated-measures structure to describe how variables, distributions, and patterns change over time — without imposing an experimental manipulation or testing causal hypotheses. It is distinguished from cross-sectional descriptive research by its capacity to document intra-individual change, and from explanatory panel research by its goal of accurate description rather than causal modelling. | Longitudinal research is an observational design in which the same participants, groups, or units are measured repeatedly over an extended period. Rather than capturing a single snapshot, it tracks change, stability, and temporal sequencing of variables — making it the primary non-experimental strategy for studying development, growth, decline, and the unfolding of causal processes across time. |
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