方法对比

	序数可推广性理论	概化理论（G-Theory）
领域	心理测量学	心理测量学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	1963–2001	1963–1972
提出者	Lee J. Cronbach and Robert L. Brennan	Lee J. Cronbach, Goldine Gleser, Harinder Nanda, Nageswari Rajaratnam
类型	Reliability / generalizability analysis	Variance-components reliability model
开创性文献	Brennan, R. L. (2001). Generalizability Theory. Springer. ISBN: 978-0387952826	Cronbach, L. J., Gleser, G. C., Nanda, H. & Rajaratnam, N. (1972). The Dependability of Behavioral Measurements: Theory of Generalizability for Scores and Profiles. Wiley.
别名	Ordinal G-theory, G-theory for ordinal data, ordinal variance component analysis, G-study for ordered categorical data	G-theory, G-study / D-study framework, variance components reliability
相关	5	4
摘要	Ordinal generalizability theory extends classical G-theory to the analysis of reliability and measurement error when item responses are ordered categorical (e.g., Likert-type) rather than continuous. It partitions score variance into components attributable to persons, facets, and their interactions, while accounting for the discrete, bounded nature of ordinal rating scales.	Generalizability Theory is a psychometric framework that decomposes observed score variance into multiple sources — persons, items, raters, occasions, and their interactions — using analysis of variance. It replaces the single reliability coefficient of classical test theory with a family of coefficients that tell researchers how well scores generalize across different measurement conditions.