方法对比

	在线理论抽样	目的性抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1967 (theoretical sampling); online adaptation ~2000s–2010s	Formalized ~1980–1990
提出者	Glaser & Strauss (theoretical sampling); adapted to online contexts by internet qualitative researchers	Michael Quinn Patton (systematic articulation); roots in early qualitative inquiry
类型	Qualitative sampling strategy	Non-probability sampling strategy
开创性文献	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Aldine. ISBN: 978-0202302607	Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0803937796
别名	internet-based theoretical sampling, digital theoretical sampling, web-based theoretical sampling	judgmental sampling, selective sampling, criterion-based sampling, purposeful sampling
相关	4	4
摘要	Online theoretical sampling applies the logic of theoretical sampling — selecting participants or data sources based on emerging theory rather than predetermined criteria — within digital environments. Researchers iteratively recruit from online communities, forums, social media, or virtual networks, guided at each step by conceptual gaps identified during concurrent analysis. It is most commonly used in grounded theory studies conducted wholly or partially over the internet.	Purposive sampling is a non-probability strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects participants, documents, or cases that are information-rich with respect to the research question. Rather than drawing units at random, the researcher applies explicit criteria aligned with the study's purpose, maximising the depth and relevance of the data collected. It is the default sampling logic in most qualitative research designs and is also used in mixed-methods and applied evaluative work.