方法对比

	在线理论抽样	在线目的性抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1967 (theoretical sampling); online adaptation ~2000s–2010s	1990s–2000s (with growth of internet-based research)
提出者	Glaser & Strauss (theoretical sampling); adapted to online contexts by internet qualitative researchers	Adaptation of purposive sampling (Patton, 1987) to online/digital research contexts
类型	Qualitative sampling strategy	Non-probability qualitative sampling
开创性文献	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Aldine. ISBN: 978-0202302607	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711
别名	internet-based theoretical sampling, digital theoretical sampling, web-based theoretical sampling	internet-based purposive sampling, web purposive sampling, online criterion-based sampling, digital purposive sampling
相关	4	3
摘要	Online theoretical sampling applies the logic of theoretical sampling — selecting participants or data sources based on emerging theory rather than predetermined criteria — within digital environments. Researchers iteratively recruit from online communities, forums, social media, or virtual networks, guided at each step by conceptual gaps identified during concurrent analysis. It is most commonly used in grounded theory studies conducted wholly or partially over the internet.	Online purposive sampling applies the logic of criterion-based participant selection to digital recruitment channels — including social media platforms, online communities, email lists, and research recruitment websites. Researchers intentionally seek individuals who possess the characteristics, experiences, or expertise directly relevant to the research question, using internet-based tools to locate and screen them. The method preserves the defining feature of purposive sampling — deliberate selection based on fitness for purpose — while leveraging the reach and accessibility of online environments.