方法对比

	单样本t检验	配对样本t检验
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1908	1908
提出者	Student (W. S. Gosset)	Student (W. S. Gosset)
类型	Parametric mean comparison	Parametric mean comparison
开创性文献	Student (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.	Student (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.
别名	single-sample t-test, one-group t-test, one-sample t, Student one-sample t-test	dependent t-test, matched pairs t-test, repeated measures t-test, within-subjects t-test
相关	3	3
摘要	The one-sample t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that determines whether the mean of a single sample differs significantly from a known or hypothesized population value. Derived from Student's (Gosset's) 1908 t-distribution, it assumes continuous, approximately normally distributed data and is one of the most fundamental tests in applied statistics.	The paired samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two related measurements from the same subjects or matched pairs to determine whether the average difference is significantly different from zero. It leverages the dependency between observations to produce a more powerful test than its independent-samples counterpart.