方法对比

	Occupational Prestige Scale	Position Generator Method
领域	Sociology	Sociology
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1947 (NORC); 1977 (SIOPS); 1989 GSS update	2001
提出者	Cecil North & Paul Hatt (NORC); Donald Treiman (international)	Nan Lin & colleagues
类型	Survey-based ranking of the social standing of occupations	Survey instrument for measuring accessed social capital
开创性文献	Treiman, D. J. (1977). Occupational Prestige in Comparative Perspective. Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0-12-698750-8	Lin, N. (2001). Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-52167-3
别名	occupational prestige score, prestige scale, NORC prestige scale, Standard International Occupational Prestige Scale (SIOPS)	position generator, Lin position generator, accessed social capital instrument, occupational position generator
相关	5	5
摘要	An occupational prestige scale ranks occupations by their general social standing as judged by the public. In the classic design, survey respondents rate a list of occupations on a scale from excellent to poor standing, and the average rating for each occupation, rescaled to 0–100, is its prestige score. These scores have proven remarkably stable over time and strikingly similar across very different societies, making prestige one of the most robust measures in stratification research and the empirical anchor for socioeconomic indexes.	The position generator, developed by Nan Lin and colleagues, is a survey instrument for measuring an individual's social capital — the resources embedded in their personal network. Respondents are presented with a sample of occupations spanning the prestige hierarchy and asked, for each, whether they know anyone in that job. From these answers, the method derives indicators such as the number of positions accessed (extensity), the highest-prestige position reachable (upper reachability), and the range of prestige spanned, summarizing the volume and diversity of resources a person can mobilize through their contacts.