方法对比

	鉴定标本数量	牙釉质微磨损纹理分析
领域	考古学	考古学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1971	1988
提出者	R. E. Chaplin	Peter Teaford
类型	Faunal quantification method	Dietary inference method
开创性文献	Chaplin, R. E. (1971). The Study of Animal Bones from Archaeological Sites. Seminar Press.	Ungar, P. S. (2007). Evolution of the human diet: The known, the unknown, and the unknowable. Oxford University Press.
别名	NISP method, specimen count	microwear analysis, dental wear analysis
相关	4	4
摘要	Number of identified specimens (NISP) is a fundamental zooarchaeological method that quantifies the abundance of faunal remains by counting all identifiable bone fragments or specimens in an assemblage. Formalized by R. E. Chaplin and later refined by Donald Grayson and others, NISP is the most straightforward and widely used quantification metric in zooarchaeology. Despite its simplicity, NISP is sensitive to both cultural and taphonomic factors that affect preservation, fragmentation, and identification of bone assemblages.	Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is a method that reconstructs diet and dietary behavior from microscopic wear patterns on the surfaces of teeth. Pioneered by Mark Teaford in the 1980s, DMTA analyzes the three-dimensional texture of wear patterns produced as food is chewed. The method reflects short-term (last few months) dietary composition, complementing longer-term dietary information obtained from stable isotope analysis. DMTA has proven powerful for distinguishing diets rich in tough/fibrous foods from those dominated by hard/brittle foods.