方法对比

	诺顿量表	患者跌倒风险评估
领域	护理学	护理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1962	2000
提出者	Doreen Norton, Rhonda McLaren, and A. N. Exton-Smith	Multiple researchers (Oliver, Hendrich, and colleagues)
类型	Risk assessment scale	Assessment protocol
开创性文献	Norton, D., McLaren, R., & Exton-Smith, A. N. (1962). An investigation of geriatric nursing problems in hospital. National Corporation for the Care of Old People, London.	Hendrich, A. L., Bender, P. S., & Nyhuis, A. (2003). Validation of the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model: a large concurrent case/control study of hospitalized patients. Applied Nursing Research, 16(3), 159-171.
别名	Norton Pressure Sore Risk Scale, NPSRS	Fall Risk Screening, Fall Prevention Assessment, PFRA
相关	4	4
摘要	The Norton Scale is a pioneering risk assessment tool developed by Doreen Norton and colleagues in 1962 to identify hospitalized patients at risk of developing pressure sores. As one of the earliest standardized pressure ulcer risk assessment instruments, the Norton Scale predates and influenced many later tools including the widely used Braden Scale. It remains relevant in clinical practice, particularly in geriatric and long-term care settings.	Patient Fall Risk Assessment is a systematic clinical evaluation process used to identify hospitalized or institutionalized patients at increased risk of falling. Falls are a major cause of injury and mortality in healthcare settings, particularly among older adults. The assessment considers intrinsic patient factors (e.g., age, medical conditions, medications) and extrinsic environmental factors (e.g., lighting, equipment, flooring) to guide preventive interventions.