方法对比

	多中心Kaplan-Meier分析	多中心队列研究
领域	流行病学	流行病学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1958 (base method); multicenter designs common from 1970s	Mid-to-late 20th century (widespread adoption 1970s–1990s)
提出者	Edward L. Kaplan and Paul Meier (method); multicenter application developed through large clinical trial consortia from the 1970s onward	Developed incrementally through large collaborative epidemiological projects (e.g., Framingham Heart Study consortium expansions, 1948 onward; EPIC study, 1992)
类型	Nonparametric survival analysis in a multicenter setting	Observational longitudinal study
开创性文献	Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457–481.	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641
别名	pooled Kaplan-Meier, multi-site KM analysis, multicenter survival curve analysis, KM pooled analysis	multisite cohort study, multi-centre cohort, collaborative cohort study, pooled cohort study
相关	5	6
摘要	Multicenter Kaplan-Meier analysis applies the Kaplan-Meier nonparametric estimator to time-to-event data collected from two or more clinical centers. By pooling or stratifying data across sites, it estimates survival functions and compares them between treatment groups while accounting for potential center effects, enabling conclusions with greater statistical power and broader generalizability than single-center studies.	A multicenter cohort study follows defined groups of participants at two or more geographically or institutionally distinct sites over time to estimate incidence, identify risk factors, and quantify associations between exposures and outcomes. By pooling data from multiple centers, it achieves statistical power and population diversity that single-site designs cannot match, making it the workhorse of large-scale epidemiological and clinical research.