方法对比

	多中心病例报告	多中心队列研究
领域	流行病学	流行病学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Long-standing practice; CARE guidelines formalized 2013	Mid-to-late 20th century (widespread adoption 1970s–1990s)
提出者	Clinical medicine tradition; CARE guidelines by Gagnier et al.	Developed incrementally through large collaborative epidemiological projects (e.g., Framingham Heart Study consortium expansions, 1948 onward; EPIC study, 1992)
类型	Observational descriptive study	Observational longitudinal study
开创性文献	Gagnier, J. J., Kienle, G., Altman, D. G., Moher, D., Sox, H., & Riley, D. (2013). The CARE guidelines: Consensus-based clinical case reporting guideline development. Journal of Medical Case Reports, 7, 223.	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641
别名	multi-site case report, collaborative case report, multicentre case report, CARE multicenter report	multisite cohort study, multi-centre cohort, collaborative cohort study, pooled cohort study
相关	4	6
摘要	A multicenter case report is a structured clinical document describing one or a very small number of unusual patients observed across two or more independent healthcare institutions. By pooling observations from multiple sites, it overcomes the rarity barrier that prevents any single center from documenting an unusual presentation, adverse event, or novel treatment response — producing a richer, more externally valid account than a single-center report can offer.	A multicenter cohort study follows defined groups of participants at two or more geographically or institutionally distinct sites over time to estimate incidence, identify risk factors, and quantify associations between exposures and outcomes. By pooling data from multiple centers, it achieves statistical power and population diversity that single-site designs cannot match, making it the workhorse of large-scale epidemiological and clinical research.