方法对比

	多组重测信度	验证性因子分析（CFA）
领域	心理测量学	心理测量学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	1979–2000	1969
提出者	Systematic multi-group extensions developed alongside measurement invariance frameworks (Vandenberg & Lance, 2000); intraclass correlation foundation in Shrout & Fleiss (1979)	Karl Gustav Jöreskog
类型	Reliability estimation across groups	Hypothesis-testing latent variable model
开创性文献	Shrout, P. E. & Fleiss, J. L. (1979). Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychological Bulletin, 86(2), 420–428.	Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202.
别名	multi-group temporal stability, cross-group test-retest reliability, group-comparative retest reliability, multi-sample temporal consistency	CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis
相关	5	4
摘要	Multi-group test-retest reliability evaluates whether a measure produces stable scores across time separately for two or more defined groups — such as different genders, age cohorts, or clinical populations — and determines whether the degree of that temporal stability is equivalent across those groups.	Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing.