方法对比

	多群体收敛效度	多群体测量不变性检验
领域	心理测量学	心理测量学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	1981 / 2000	1971–1993
提出者	Fornell & Larcker (convergent validity criteria); Vandenberg & Lance (multi-group extension)	Jöreskog, K. G. (1971); Meredith, W. (1993)
类型	Validity assessment procedure	Model comparison / hypothesis testing
开创性文献	Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.	Vandenberg, R. J. & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.
别名	cross-group convergent validity, multi-sample convergent validity, MGCFA convergent validity, AVE across groups	measurement invariance, factorial invariance, cross-group invariance, MI testing
相关	6	6
摘要	Multi-group convergent validity examines whether items purported to measure the same latent construct relate strongly to that construct consistently across distinct subgroups such as demographic categories, cultures, or experimental conditions. It extends single-sample convergent validity checks into a comparative multi-group confirmatory factor analysis framework.	Multi-group measurement invariance testing examines whether a latent construct is measured in the same way across two or more distinct groups — such as cultures, genders, or age cohorts. It is a prerequisite for meaningful group comparisons of latent means or relationships, ensuring that observed score differences reflect true differences rather than measurement artifacts.