方法对比

	MTT/MTS 测定法	活/死细胞检测试剂盒
领域	生物材料	生物材料
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1983	2000
提出者	Tatsuro Mosmann	Invitrogen/Molecular Probes
类型	Colorimetric assay	Dual-dye viability assay
开创性文献	Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2), 55-63.	Molecular Probes (2004). LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit user guide. Invitrogen Corporation.
别名	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, tetrazolium assay, mitochondrial activity assay	calcein-AM/propidium iodide, SYTO/PI staining, fluorescent viability stain
相关	4	4
摘要	The MTT assay, introduced by Tatsuro Mosmann in 1983, is a colorimetric method for quantifying cell viability and proliferation by measuring mitochondrial metabolic activity. The method detects the conversion of the water-soluble tetrazolium salt MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) by active mitochondria, producing an insoluble purple formazan precipitate proportional to the number of viable cells. The related MTS assay, which does not require solubilization, offers improved kinetics and is now widely adopted in both academic research and pharmaceutical development.	The Live/Dead assay is a fluorescence-based method for simultaneously identifying live and dead cells using two complementary dyes. The assay combines calcein-AM (or SYTO fluorophores), which generates bright green fluorescence in living cells with intact esterase activity, with propidium iodide (PI), which produces red fluorescence in dead cells with compromised membrane integrity. Commercially developed by Molecular Probes and now part of Thermo Fisher's portfolio, the Live/Dead kit is widely used to evaluate cell viability on biomaterial scaffolds, in tissue constructs, and following drug or toxin exposure.