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| Missing Women Estimation× | 生命表分析× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | Gender Studies | 人口学 |
| 方法族≠ | Process / pipeline | Survival analysis |
| 起源年份≠ | 1990 | 1984 |
| 提出者≠ | Amartya Sen | Demographic/actuarial tradition; Chiang |
| 类型≠ | Demographic accounting estimate | Age-structured mortality estimator |
| 开创性文献≠ | Sen, A. (1992). Missing women. BMJ, 304(6827), 587–588. DOI ↗ | Chiang, C. L. (1984). The Life Table and Its Applications. Robert E. Krieger Publishing. ISBN: 978-0-89874-565-2 |
| 别名≠ | Missing Women, Excess Female Mortality Estimation, Sen Missing Women Method | Mortality Table, Actuarial Table, Survival Table, Yaşam Tablosu |
| 相关≠ | 2 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | Missing women estimation quantifies the number of women and girls who are absent from a population because of gender bias in mortality and, in some settings, sex-selective abortion. Introduced by economist Amartya Sen in 1990 and 1992, the method compares the observed female population (or female deaths) with the number expected under a benchmark sex ratio that would prevail absent discrimination. The resulting deficit — famously estimated at more than 100 million worldwide — is a stark demographic measure of cumulative anti-female bias. | A life table is a systematic, age-structured summary of the mortality experience of a population. It traces a hypothetical cohort of births — conventionally 100,000 — through successive age intervals, recording how many survive, how many die, and how many person-years are lived at each interval. The method was formalized in its modern probabilistic form by Chiang (1984), synthesizing centuries of actuarial and demographic practice into a rigorous statistical framework applicable to human and biological populations alike. |
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