方法对比

	McMaster Family Assessment	Social Functioning Assessment
领域	Social Work	Social Work
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1983	1976
提出者	Nathan B. Epstein, Duane S. Bishop & colleagues (McMaster University)	Social-adjustment measurement tradition; self-report scale by Weissman & Bothwell
类型	Theory-based assessment of family functioning across defined dimensions	Assessment of a person's performance across major social roles and life domains
开创性文献	Epstein, N. B., Baldwin, L. M., & Bishop, D. S. (1983). The McMaster Family Assessment Device. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 9(2), 171–180.	Weissman, M. M., & Bothwell, S. (1976). Assessment of social adjustment by patient self-report. Archives of General Psychiatry, 33(9), 1111–1115.
别名	McMaster Model of Family Functioning, McMaster Family Assessment Device, MMFF, McMaster Approach to Family Assessment	Social Functioning Measurement, Role Functioning Assessment, Psychosocial Functioning Assessment, Social Adjustment Assessment
相关	4	4
摘要	McMaster family assessment is a theory-driven approach to evaluating how a family functions, organized around the McMaster Model of Family Functioning and operationalized in the widely used Family Assessment Device. Developed by Nathan Epstein, Duane Bishop, and colleagues at McMaster University, it assesses families on six dimensions — problem solving, communication, roles, affective responsiveness, affective involvement, and behavior control — plus an overall general-functioning scale, each scored from family-member self-report against clinical cutoffs that distinguish healthy from unhealthy functioning.	Social functioning assessment evaluates how well a person performs the major social roles of everyday life — work or school, family and parenting, intimate and social relationships, and economic and community participation — and how satisfied they are with that performance. Building on the social-adjustment measurement tradition and instruments such as Weissman and Bothwell's Social Adjustment Scale, it gives social workers a structured, quantifiable account of psychosocial functioning that goes beyond symptoms to capture the person-in-environment outcomes at the heart of social work.