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| Mann-Whitney U 检验× | 置换 (随机化) 检验× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 统计学 | 统计学 |
| 方法族≠ | Hypothesis test | Regression model |
| 起源年份≠ | 1947 | 2005 |
| 提出者≠ | H. B. Mann & D. R. Whitney | Good (2005); Edgington & Onghena (2007); resampling tradition |
| 类型≠ | Nonparametric two-group comparison | Nonparametric resampling test |
| 开创性文献≠ | Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60. DOI ↗ | Good, P. (2005). Permutation, Parametric and Bootstrap Tests of Hypotheses (3rd ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-0387202792 |
| 别名≠ | Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Testi | randomization test, exact permutation test, re-randomization test, Permütasyon Testi |
| 相关≠ | 4 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | The Mann-Whitney U test is the nonparametric alternative to the independent samples t-test, comparing two independent groups by ranking all observations together rather than relying on their means. It was introduced by H. B. Mann and D. R. Whitney in 1947 and does not require the data to be normally distributed. | The permutation test is a nonparametric resampling procedure that builds the sampling distribution of a test statistic directly from the data by repeatedly shuffling the group labels. Developed in the resampling tradition and treated systematically by Good (2005) and Edgington & Onghena (2007), it requires no parametric distributional assumption and yields an exact p-value. |
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