方法对比

	机器学习辅助表观基因组关联研究 (ML-EWAS)	随机森林
领域	生物信息学	机器学习
方法族	Process / pipeline	Machine learning
起源年份	2010s (methodological consolidation ~2015–2020)	2001
提出者	Teschendorff, Relton, and others in the epigenomics field	Breiman, L.
类型	Integrative omics analysis pipeline	Ensemble (bagging of decision trees)
开创性文献	Teschendorff, A. E., & Relton, C. L. (2018). Statistical and integrative system-level analysis of DNA methylation data. Nature Reviews Genetics, 19(3), 129–147.	Breiman, L. (2001). Random Forests. Machine Learning, 45, 5–32.
别名	ML-EWAS, machine learning EWAS, ML-assisted EWAS, epigenome-wide association study with machine learning	Rastgele Orman (Random Forest), rastgele orman, random decision forest, bagged tree ensemble
相关	3	4
摘要	Machine learning-assisted EWAS integrates conventional epigenome-wide association testing with machine learning models to identify DNA methylation sites associated with a phenotype of interest. By combining the statistical rigour of EWAS with the pattern-recognition power of algorithms such as elastic net, random forest, or gradient boosting, this approach handles the extreme dimensionality of methylation arrays (450,000–850,000 CpG sites) more effectively than univariate testing alone, and can capture non-linear and interaction effects that standard linear models miss.	Random Forest is an ensemble learning method, introduced by Leo Breiman in 2001, that grows many decision trees on bootstrap samples of the data and combines their votes to produce strong classification and regression. By pooling many slightly different trees, it produces more accurate and more stable predictions than any single tree.