方法对比

	Lorenz Curve	Atkinson Index
领域	Sociology	Sociology
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1905	1970
提出者	Max Otto Lorenz	Anthony Barnes Atkinson
类型	Graphical representation of distributional inequality	Welfare-based, parameterized inequality index
开创性文献	Lorenz, M. O. (1905). Methods of measuring the concentration of wealth. Publications of the American Statistical Association, 9(70), 209–219.	Atkinson, A. B. (1970). On the measurement of inequality. Journal of Economic Theory, 2(3), 244–263.
别名	Lorenz concentration curve, Lorenz diagram, cumulative share curve	Atkinson inequality measure, Atkinson's A, welfare-based inequality index
相关	5	5
摘要	The Lorenz curve is a graphical device that displays the full shape of inequality in a distribution by plotting the cumulative share of a quantity (such as income) held by the cumulative share of the population, ranked from poorest to richest. Introduced by Max Lorenz in 1905, it underlies the Gini coefficient and provides the basis for ranking distributions by inequality when one curve lies entirely above another.	The Atkinson index is a welfare-based measure of inequality that incorporates an explicit, analyst-chosen parameter for how much society dislikes inequality. Introduced by Anthony Atkinson in 1970, it asks what fraction of total income could be discarded, under an equal distribution, while leaving social welfare unchanged — making the ethical judgement behind any inequality comparison transparent rather than hidden.