方法对比
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| 纵向结构化访谈× | 队列研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 调查方法论 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1970s–present | Mid-20th century (formal epidemiological design codified ~1950s) |
| 提出者≠ | Established practice in panel and cohort research; codified in survey methodology literature from the 1970s onward | Doll & Hill (British Doctors Study, 1951); Snow (cholera, 1854) |
| 类型≠ | Longitudinal quantitative data collection method | Observational longitudinal study design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922452 | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 |
| 别名 | panel structured interview, repeated structured interview, longitudinal survey interview, wave-based structured interview | longitudinal study, follow-up study, panel study, incidence study |
| 相关≠ | 4 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | A longitudinal structured interview applies a fixed, standardised interview schedule to the same participants at two or more points in time. By holding the instrument constant across waves, the method enables genuine within-person change to be measured, trends to be tracked, and causal sequences to be examined with far greater confidence than a single cross-sectional interview can provide. It is widely used in panel studies, cohort research, and programme evaluations. | A cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point — typically freedom from the outcome of interest — and follows them over time to observe who develops the outcome. By comparing incidence rates between exposed and unexposed subgroups, researchers can estimate relative risk and absolute risk differences. Cohort studies are the gold-standard observational design for measuring disease incidence and establishing temporal relationships between exposure and outcome. |
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