方法对比
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| 纵向项目评估× | 纵向研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 田野方法 | 研究设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1960s–1970s (program evaluation); longitudinal designs formalized 1970s–1980s | Late 19th–early 20th century; methodologically codified through the 20th century |
| 提出者≠ | Peter Rossi, Michael Scriven, Donald Campbell (program evaluation tradition) | No single originator; foundational methodological treatments by Stuart Menard and Judith Singer & John Willett |
| 类型≠ | Applied evaluation research design | Quantitative (or mixed) observational research design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Rossi, P. H., Lipsey, M. W., & Freeman, H. E. (2004). Evaluation: A Systematic Approach (7th ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761908944 | Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922841 |
| 别名 | LPE, longitudinal evaluation, long-term program evaluation, prospective program evaluation | longitudinal study, longitudinal design, prospective longitudinal study, repeated-measures observational study |
| 相关≠ | 3 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Longitudinal program evaluation is an applied research design that tracks the outcomes and processes of a program or intervention across multiple time points — from pre-implementation baseline through medium- and long-term follow-up. Unlike single-point evaluations, it captures how program effects emerge, fade, or evolve over time, enabling evaluators and funders to judge sustained impact, cost-effectiveness, and unintended consequences that would be invisible in a snapshot assessment. | Longitudinal research is an observational design in which the same participants, groups, or units are measured repeatedly over an extended period. Rather than capturing a single snapshot, it tracks change, stability, and temporal sequencing of variables — making it the primary non-experimental strategy for studying development, growth, decline, and the unfolding of causal processes across time. |
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