方法对比
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| 纵向探索性因子分析 (Longitudinal EFA)× | 验证性因子分析（CFA）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 心理测量学 | 心理测量学 |
| 方法族 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1970s–1983 | 1969 |
| 提出者≠ | John R. Nesselroade and colleagues (lifespan developmental tradition) | Karl Gustav Jöreskog |
| 类型≠ | Latent variable / dimension reduction across time | Hypothesis-testing latent variable model |
| 开创性文献≠ | Nesselroade, J. R. (1983). Temporal selection and factor invariance in the study of development and change. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim (Eds.), Life-Span Development and Behavior (Vol. 5, pp. 59–87). Academic Press. link ↗ | Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | LEFA, longitudinal factor analysis, repeated-measures EFA, panel EFA | CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Longitudinal EFA applies exploratory factor analysis separately at each measurement occasion — or jointly across occasions — to discover whether the same latent factor structure emerges over time and whether factor loadings remain stable across waves. It is the foundational data-driven approach for examining structural change and continuity in panel and developmental research. | Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing. |
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