方法对比

	纵向案例研究	案例研究	民族志	扎根理论
领域	质性	质性	质性	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1984–1990 (foundational methodological codification)	1984 (seminal codification)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)	1967
提出者	Robert K. Yin (case study methodology); Andrew M. Pettigrew (longitudinal field research)	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
类型	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research design	Qualitative fieldwork tradition	Method
开创性文献	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
别名	longitudinal case research, panel case study, repeated case study, temporal case study	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
相关	6	5	5	3
摘要	A longitudinal case study is a qualitative research design that combines the in-depth, contextually rich focus of case study methodology with repeated data collection across multiple time points. Rather than capturing a single snapshot, it follows one or a small number of cases — an individual, group, organisation, or programme — over months or years to trace how processes, relationships, and meanings evolve. This design is well suited to questions about how and why things change, not merely what the state of affairs is at one moment.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.