方法对比

	Leontief Price Model	Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis
领域	经济学	经济学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1936	1970
提出者	Wassily Leontief (price dual formalized by Miller & Blair)	Wassily Leontief
类型	Linear cost-push price model dual to the quantity input-output system	Input-output model augmented with environmental satellite accounts
开创性文献	Miller, R. E., & Blair, P. D. (2009). Input-Output Analysis: Foundations and Extensions (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521739023	Leontief, W. (1970). Environmental repercussions and the economic structure: an input-output approach. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 52(3), 262–271.
别名	I-O Price Model, Dual Input-Output Model, Cost-Push Price Model, Input-Output Price Equation	EEIO, Environmental Input-Output Analysis, Pollution Input-Output Model, Footprint Input-Output Analysis
相关	4	4
摘要	The Leontief price model is the cost-side dual of the quantity input-output system: instead of asking how much each sector must produce to meet final demand, it asks what unit price each sector must charge to cover its intermediate-input costs plus its primary-input (value-added) payments. Solving the dual equation p' = p'A + v' gives p' = v'(I − A)^{-1}, so the same Leontief inverse that propagates quantities also propagates costs, making the model the standard tool for tracing how a change in wages, taxes, or imported-input prices pushes through the entire price structure.	Environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) analysis appends satellite accounts of physical environmental flows — greenhouse-gas emissions, energy, water, land, and materials — to a monetary input-output table so that environmental burdens can be allocated through supply chains to the final demand that ultimately drives them. By multiplying direct environmental-intensity coefficients by the Leontief inverse, EEIO computes the total burden embodied in each unit of final demand, providing the standard framework for consumption-based carbon footprints and emissions embodied in trade.