方法对比

	潜在类别分析 (Latent Class Analysis, LCA)	判别分析
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	1950s–1968	1936
提出者	Paul F. Lazarsfeld	Ronald A. Fisher
类型	Latent variable / person-centered classification	Supervised classification and dimension reduction
开创性文献	Goodman, L. A. (1974). Exploratory latent structure analysis using both identifiable and unidentifiable models. Biometrika, 61(2), 215–231.	Fisher, R. A. (1936). The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems. Annals of Eugenics, 7(2), 179–188.
别名	LCA, latent class model, latent categorical analysis, finite mixture of multinomials	LDA, Fisher discriminant analysis, discriminant function analysis, canonical discriminant analysis
相关	6	4
摘要	Latent class analysis identifies unobserved subgroups — latent classes — within a population by finding patterns of responses across a set of categorical observed indicators. It is the categorical-variable counterpart of cluster analysis, but grounded in an explicit probabilistic model, and is widely used in social, health, and behavioral sciences to discover typologies in survey or diagnostic data.	Discriminant analysis finds linear combinations of predictor variables that best separate two or more known groups. It is used both to understand which predictors distinguish the groups and to classify new observations into those groups with minimum error.