方法对比

	Language Attitude Survey	Matched-Guise Technique
领域	语言学	语言学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1992	1960
提出者	Survey methodologists and attitude researchers (e.g., A. N. Oppenheim; Colin Baker; Peter Garrett)	Wallace Lambert and colleagues
类型	Direct self-report survey measure of language attitudes	Indirect experimental measure of language attitudes
开创性文献	Garrett, P. (2010). Attitudes to Language. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521759175	Lambert, W. E., Hodgson, R. C., Gardner, R. C., & Fillenbaum, S. (1960). Evaluational reactions to spoken languages. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 60(1), 44–51.
别名	Language Attitude Questionnaire, Direct Attitude Measurement, Language Attitudes Survey	Matched Guise Test, Matched-Guise Experiment, Language Attitude Matched Guise
相关	4	2
摘要	A direct language attitude survey measures what people think and feel about languages, dialects, and varieties by asking them explicitly. Using questionnaires built from Likert scales, semantic-differential items, and open-ended questions, the direct approach gathers respondents' self-reported evaluations of varieties — their prestige, beauty, usefulness, or appropriateness — and analyses these responses for reliability, underlying structure, and differences between social groups. It is the self-report counterpart to indirect techniques such as the matched-guise test, trading some protection against socially desirable answers for transparency, scale, and ease of administration.	The matched-guise technique is an indirect experimental method for measuring attitudes toward languages, dialects, and accents. Developed by Wallace Lambert and colleagues in 1960, it has the same bilingual or bidialectal speaker record the same passage in two or more language varieties ('guises'); listeners, believing they are hearing different speakers, rate each recording on personality and status traits. Because the voice, content, and delivery are held constant, any differences in the ratings can be attributed to listeners' attitudes toward the variety itself.