方法对比

	Katz日常生活活动独立性指数 (ADL)	Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale
领域	护理学	护理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1963	1969
提出者	Sidney Katz	M. Powell Lawton
类型	Clinician-rated or observational functional assessment	Clinician-rated or interview-based functional assessment
开创性文献	Katz, S., Ford, A. B., Moskowitz, R. W., Jackson, B. A., & Jaffe, M. W. (1963). Studies of Illness in the Aged: The Index of ADL, a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA, 185(12), 914-919.	Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1969). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist, 9(3), 179-186.
别名	Katz Index, Katz ADL Scale, Index of ADL	IADL Scale, Lawton IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
相关	3	3
摘要	The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, developed by Sidney Katz and colleagues in 1963, is one of the earliest and most widely used tools for assessing functional status in older adults and persons with chronic illness. The scale evaluates six essential self-care activities (bathing, dressing, toileting, transfer, continence, feeding) through direct observation or interview and assigns an overall grade (A through G) reflecting the degree of independence. It remains a foundational instrument in geriatric assessment, rehabilitation medicine, and long-term care settings.	The Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale, developed by M. Powell Lawton and Elaine M. Brody in 1969, measures the capacity to perform complex, higher-order self-care and household tasks necessary for independent community living. The scale assesses eight domains (for women) or five domains (for men): telephone use, shopping, food preparation, housekeeping, laundry, transportation, medication management, and financial management. It complements basic ADL assessment (measured by the Katz Index) and is essential for comprehensive geriatric evaluation.