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| 项目分析（经典测量理论）× | 验证性因子分析（CFA）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 心理测量学 | 心理测量学 |
| 方法族 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1979 | 1969 |
| 提出者≠ | Classical Test Theory tradition; foundational texts by Allen & Yen (1979) and Crocker & Algina (1986) | Karl Gustav Jöreskog |
| 类型≠ | Descriptive / psychometric screening | Hypothesis-testing latent variable model |
| 开创性文献≠ | Allen, M. J. & Yen, W. M. (1979). Introduction to Measurement Theory. Brooks/Cole. ISBN: 978-0818501333 | Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202. DOI ↗ |
| 别名≠ | Madde Analizi (Klasik Test Kuramı), CTT item analysis, classical item analysis | CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis |
| 相关≠ | 5 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Item analysis is the foundational psychometric procedure for evaluating the quality of individual test or scale items within the Classical Test Theory (CTT) framework, as systematised by Allen and Yen (1979) and Crocker and Algina (1986). It produces an item difficulty index, an item discrimination index, and a distractor analysis for each item, enabling test developers to identify items that are too easy, too hard, or failing to separate high- and low-ability respondents. | Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
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