方法对比

	Isolation Index	Atkinson Index
领域	Sociology	Sociology
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1954	1970
提出者	Wendell Bell (formalization of P* indices)	Anthony Barnes Atkinson
类型	Exposure-dimension segregation index	Welfare-based, parameterized inequality index
开创性文献	Bell, W. (1954). A probability model for the measurement of ecological segregation. Social Forces, 32(4), 357–364.	Atkinson, A. B. (1970). On the measurement of inequality. Journal of Economic Theory, 2(3), 244–263.
别名	P* isolation index, interaction index, exposure index, Bell isolation index	Atkinson inequality measure, Atkinson's A, welfare-based inequality index
相关	5	5
摘要	The isolation index measures the exposure dimension of segregation: the extent to which members of a minority group are exposed only to one another rather than to members of other groups. It answers the question 'what is the own-group share of the typical neighbor (or classmate, or coworker) that a member of the focal group encounters?' Unlike evenness measures, it depends on the relative size of the group as well as its spatial distribution.	The Atkinson index is a welfare-based measure of inequality that incorporates an explicit, analyst-chosen parameter for how much society dislikes inequality. Introduced by Anthony Atkinson in 1970, it asks what fraction of total income could be discarded, under an equal distribution, while leaving social welfare unchanged — making the ethical judgement behind any inequality comparison transparent rather than hidden.