方法对比

	孤立森林 (Isolation Forest)	高斯混合模型	随机森林
领域	机器学习	机器学习	机器学习
方法族	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
起源年份	2008	1977	2001
提出者	Liu, F.T., Ting, K.M. & Zhou, Z.-H.	Dempster, Laird & Rubin (EM algorithm)	Breiman, L.
类型	Unsupervised ensemble (random partitioning trees)	Probabilistic (soft) clustering — mixture model	Ensemble (bagging of decision trees)
开创性文献	Liu, F.T., Ting, K.M. & Zhou, Z.-H. (2008). Isolation Forest. IEEE ICDM, 413–422.	Dempster, A.P., Laird, N.M. & Rubin, D.B. (1977). Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data via the EM Algorithm. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B, 39(1), 1–22.	Breiman, L. (2001). Random Forests. Machine Learning, 45, 5–32.
别名	Isolation Forest (Aykırı Değer Tespiti), iForest, isolation forest anomaly detection	Gaussian Karışım Modeli (GMM Kümeleme), GMM, GMM clustering, mixture of Gaussians	Rastgele Orman (Random Forest), rastgele orman, random decision forest, bagged tree ensemble
相关	5	4	4
摘要	Isolation Forest is an unsupervised machine-learning method for anomaly and outlier detection, introduced by Liu, Ting and Zhou in 2008, that isolates anomalies through random partitioning of the data. It works without any labelled anomaly data and scales to high-dimensional datasets.	A Gaussian Mixture Model is a probabilistic clustering method that models the data as a weighted mixture of several Gaussian distributions, fitted with the Expectation–Maximization algorithm formalized by Dempster, Laird & Rubin in 1977. It is a generalization of K-means in which each cluster can take its own shape, size, and orientation.	Random Forest is an ensemble learning method, introduced by Leo Breiman in 2001, that grows many decision trees on bootstrap samples of the data and combines their votes to produce strong classification and regression. By pooling many slightly different trees, it produces more accurate and more stable predictions than any single tree.