方法对比

	解释性隐喻分析	批判性话语分析 (CDA)
领域	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1980 (conceptual foundations); 2000s (systematic qualitative procedure)	Late 1970s–1990s (systematised ~1979–1995)
提出者	Rudolf Schmitt (systematic procedure); grounded in Lakoff & Johnson's conceptual metaphor theory	Norman Fairclough; Teun A. van Dijk; Ruth Wodak
类型	Qualitative interpretive analysis	Qualitative research method
开创性文献	Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226468013	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.
别名	IMA, hermeneutic metaphor analysis, qualitative metaphor analysis, interpretive conceptual metaphor analysis	CDA, Critical Linguistics, Discourse-Historical Approach, Dialectical-Relational Analysis
相关	6	6
摘要	Interpretive metaphor analysis is a qualitative method that systematically identifies and interprets the conceptual metaphors embedded in participants' language to understand how they make meaning of their experiences. Rooted in Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphor theory and adapted for empirical social research by Rudolf Schmitt, it applies a hermeneutic lens to treat metaphors not as stylistic ornaments but as windows into underlying cognitive and cultural frames.	Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language in texts and talk constructs, sustains, and challenges relations of power, ideology, and social inequality. Drawing on linguistics, social theory, and critical philosophy, CDA treats discourse not merely as communication but as social practice — a site where dominance is reproduced and where resistance can be articulated. Developed in the late twentieth century by Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak, among others, CDA is applied to political speeches, media texts, policy documents, educational materials, and institutional interactions.